中国历史年代间表General Outline of Chinese History

• 夏Xia Dynasty

  –2100 => –1600 [ 都城：安邑(今山西夏县)Capital: Anba (today Xia County, Shanxi)]

• 商Shang Dynasty

  –1600 => –1100 [ 都城：亳(今河南商丘)Capital: Bo (today Shangqiu, Henan)]

• 周Zhou Dynasty

  • 西周Western Zhou Dynasty

    –1100 => –771 [ 都城：镐京(今陕西西安)Capital: Haojing (today Xian, Shaanxi)]

  • 东周Eastern Zhou Dynasty

    • 春秋Spring and Autumn Period

      –770 => –476 [ 都城：洛邑(今河南洛阳)Capital: Luoba (today Luoyang, Henan)]

    • 战国Warring States Period

      –475 => –221

• 秦Qin Dynasty

  –221 => –207 [ 都城：咸阳(今陕西咸阳)Capital: Xianyang (today Xiangyang, Shaanxi)]

• 楚Chu

  –206 => –205

• 西汉Western Han Dynasty

  –202 => +9 [ 都城：长安(今陕西西安)Capital: Changan (today Xian, Shaanxi)]

• 新朝Xin

  +9 => +23

• 东汉Eastern Han Dynasty

  +25 => +220 [ 都城：洛阳(今河南洛阳)Capital: Luoyang (today Luoyang, Henan)]

• 三国Three Kingdoms Period

  • 曹魏Wei

    +220 => +265 [ 都城：洛阳(今河南洛阳)Capital: Luoyang (today Luoyang, Henan)]

  • 蜀汉Shu

    +221 => +263 [ 都城：成都(今四川成都)Capital: Chengdu (today Chengdu, Sichuan)]

  • 孙吴Wu

    +229 => +280 [ 都城：建业(今江苏南京)Capital: Jianye (today Nanjing, Jiangsu)]

• 晋Jin Dynasty

  • 西晋Western Wei

    +265 => +316 [ 都城：洛阳(今河南洛阳)Capital: Luoyang (today Luoyang, Henan)]

  • 东晋Eastern Jin

    +317 => +420 [ 都城：建康(今江苏南京)Capital: Jiankang (today Nanjing, Jiangsu)]

• 十六国Sixteen Kingdoms

  • 前赵(汉赵)Former Zhao (Han Zhao)

    +304 => +329 [ 都城：+304 => +318 平阳(今山西临汾) / +319 => +329 长安(今陕西西安)Capital: +304 => +318 Pingyang (today Linfen, Shanxi) / +319 => +329 Changan (today Xian, Shaanxi)]

  • 成汉Cheng Han

    +306 => +347 [ 都城：成都(今四川成都)Capital: Chengdu (today Chengdu, Sichuan)]

  • 前凉Former Liang

    +314 => +363 [ 都城：姑臧(今甘肃武威)Capital: Guzang (today Wuwei, Gansu)]

  • 后赵Later Zhao

    +319 => +351 [ 都城：襄国(今河北邢台)Capital: Xiangguo (today Xingtai, Hebei)]

  • 前燕Former Yan

    +337 => +370 [ 都城：龙城(今辽宁朝阳)Capital: Longcheng (today Chaoyang, Liaoning)]

  • 前秦Former Qin

    +351 => +394 [ 都城：长安(今陕西西安)Capital: Changan (today Xian, Shaanxi)]

  • 后秦Later Qin

    +384 => +417 [ 都城：长安(今陕西西安)Capital: Changan (today Xian, Shaanxi)]

  • 后燕Later Yan

    +384 => +407 [ 都城：中山(今河北定州)Capital: Zhongshan (today Dingzhou, Hebei)]

  • 西秦Western Qin

    +385 => +431 [ 都城：苑川(今甘肃榆中)Capital: Changan (today Yuzhong, Gansu)]

  • 后凉Later Liang

    +386 => +407 [ 都城：略阳(今甘肃平凉)Capital: Lueyang (today Pingliang, Gansu)]

  • 南凉Southern Liang

    +397 => +414 [ 都城：西平(今青海西宁)Capital: Changan (today Xining, Qinghai)]

  • 南燕Southern Yan

    +398 => +410 [ 都城：广固(今山东益都)Capital: Guanggu (today Yidu, Shandong)]

  • 西燕Western Yan

    +407 => +421 [ 都城：酒泉(今甘肃酒泉)Capital: Jiuquan (today Jiuquan, Gansu)]

  • 胡夏Wu Xia

    +407 => +431 [ 都城：统万城(今陕西靖边)Capital: Tongwancheng (today Jingbian, Shaanxi)]

  • 北燕Northern Yan

    +407 => +436 [ 都城：和龙(今辽宁朝阳)Capital: Helong (today Chaoyang, Liaoning)]

  • 北凉Northern Liang

    +397 => +439 [ 都城：张掖(今甘肃张掖)Capital: Zhangyi (today Zhangyi, Gansu)]

• 南北朝Southern and Northern Dynasty

  • 南朝Southern Dynasty

    +420 => +589

    • 宋Song

      +420 => +479 [ 都城：健康(今江苏南京)Capital: Jiankang (today Nanjing, Jiangsu)]

    • 齐Qi

      +479 => +502 [ 都城：健康(今江苏南京)Capital: Jiankang (today Nanjing, Jiangsu)]

    • 梁Liang

      +502 => +557 [ 都城：健康(今江苏南京)Capital: Jiankang (today Nanjing, Jiangsu)]

    • 陈Chen

      +557 => +589 [ 都城：健康(今江苏南京)Capital: Jiankang (today Nanjing, Jiangsu)]

  • 北朝Northern Dynasty

    +386 => +581

    • 北魏(或后魏)Northern Wei

      +386 => +534 [ 都城：平城(今山西大同), 洛阳(今河南洛阳)Capital: Pingcheng (today Datong, Shanxi), Luoyang (today Luoyang, Henan)]

    • 东魏Easthern Wei

      +534 => +550 [ 都城：邺(今河北临漳)Capital: Ye (today Linzhang, Hebei)]

    • 西魏Westhern Wei

      +535 => +556 [ 都城：长安(今陕西西安)Capital: Changan (today Xian, Shaanxi)]

    • 北齐Northern Qi

      +550 => +577 [ 都城：邺(今河北临漳)Capital: Ye (today Linzhang, Hebei)]

    • 北周Northern Zhou

      +557 => +581 [ 都城：长安(今陕西西安)Capital: Changan (today Xian, Shaanxi)]

• 五代十国Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

  • 后梁Later Liang

    +907 => +923 [ 都城：汴(今河南开封)Capital: Bian (today Kaifeng, Henan)]

  • 后唐Later Tang

    +923 => +936 [ 都城：洛阳(今河南洛阳)Capital: Luoyang (today Luoyang, Henan)]

  • 后晋Later Jin

    +936 => +947 [ 都城：汴(今河南开封)Capital: Bian (today Kaifeng, Henan)]

  • 后汉Later Han

    +947 => +950 [ 都城：汴(今河南开封)Capital: Bian (today Kaifeng, Henan)]

  • 后周Later Zhou

    +951 => +960 [ 都城：汴(今河南开封)Capital: Bian (today Kaifeng, Henan)]

  • 前蜀Former Shu

    +891 => +925 [ 都城：成都(今四川成都)Capital: Chengdu (today Chengdu, Sichuan)]

  • 后蜀Later Shu

    +925 => +965 [ 都城：成都(今四川成都)Capital: Chengdu (today Chengdu, Sichuan)]

  • 杨吴Yangwu

    +892 => +937 [ 都城：扬州(今江苏扬州)Capital: Yangzhou (today Yangzhou, Jiangsu)]

  • 南唐Southern Tang

    +937 => +975 [ 都城：金陵(今江苏南京)Capital: Jinling (today Nanjing, Jiangsu)]

  • 吴越Wuyue

    +893 => +978 [ 都城：杭州(今浙江杭州)Capital: Hangzhou (today Hangzhou, Zhejiang)]

  • 闽国Minguo

    +893 => +945 [ 都城：长乐(今福建福州)Capital: Changle (today Fuzhou, Fujian)]

  • 马楚Machu

    +896 => +951 [ 都城：长沙(今湖南长沙)Capital: Changsha (today Changsha, Hunan)]

  • 南汉Southern Han

    +905 => +971 [ 都城：兴王府(今广东广州)Capital: Xingwangfu (today Guangzhou, Guangdong)]

  • 南平Nanping

    +907 => +963 [ 都城：荆州(今湖南荆州)Capital: Jingzhou (today Jingzhou, Hunan)]

  • 北汉Northern Han

    +951 => +979 [ 都城：太原(今山西太原)Capital: Taiyuan (today Taiyuan, Shanxi)]

• 隋朝Sui Dynasty

  +589 => +618

• 唐朝Tang Dynasty

  +618 => +907

• 宋朝Song Dynasty

  • 北宋Northern Song Dynasty

    +960 => +1127 [ 都城：开封(今河南开封)Capital: Kaifeng (today Kaifeng, Henan)]

  • 南宋Southern Song Dynasty

    +1127 => +1279 [ 都城：临安(今浙江杭州)Capital: Linan (today Hangzhou, Zhejiang)]

• 辽国Liao

  –907 => –1125 [ 都城：皇都(今辽宁)Capital: Huangdu (today Liaoning)]

• 大里Dali

  –937 => –1254 [ 都城：太和城(今云南大里)Capital: Taihecheng (today Dali, Yunnan)]

• 西夏Xixia

  –1032 => –1227 [ 都城：兴庆府(今宁夏银川)Capital: Xingqingfu (today Yinchuan, Ningxia)]

• 金Jin

  –1115 => –1234 [ 都城：会宁(今阿城[黑]) / 中都(今北京) / 开封(今河南开封)Capital: Huining (today Acheng) / Zhongdu (today Beijing) / Kaifeng (today Kaifeng, Henan)]

• 元朝Yuan Dynasty

  +1271 => +1368 [ 都城：大都(今北京)Capital: Dadu (today Beijing)]

• 明朝Ming Dynasty

  +1368 => +1644 [ 都城：北京(今北京)Capital: Beijing (today Beijing)]

• 清朝Qing Dynasty

  +1644 => +1911 [ 都城：北京(今北京)Capital: Beijing (today Beijing)]

• 民国Republican Era

  +1912 => +1949 [ 都城：南京(今江苏南京)Capital: Nanjing (today Nanjing, Jiangsu)]

• 中华人民共和国People's Republic of China

  +1949 [ 都城：北京(今北京)Capital: Beijing (today Beijing)]

中国历史间表A Brief Timeline of China (In Progress)

* All my drawings here are made after original objects.

旧石器时代Paleolithic Periodabout 1,700,000 => 10,000 years ago

时间Time	历史History	文明Civilization
早期Early Period	元谋猿人Yuanmou Man	Earliest Homo erectus discovered in China Drawing of two incisors belonging to the 元谋猿人Yuanmou Man who lived 1.7 million years ago during the Lower Paleolithic Period. The upper and medial incisors were unearthed at Shangnabang village, Yuanmou County, Yunnan Province, in 1965.
早期Early Period	蓝田猿人Lantian Man
早期Early Period	北京猿人Beijing (Peking) Man	In the north, the representative sample is from the 周口店Zhoukoudian location in Beijing. In the south, samples of the same period came from the 观音Guanyin cave in 贵州黔西Qianxi, Guizhou Province.

新石器时代Neolithic Periodabout 10,000 => 4,000 years ago

时间Time	历史History	文明Civilization
–7500 => –6100	彭头山文化Pengtoushan culture	Flourished on the Middle Valley of the 长江Changjiang (Yangzi River), in the area around the flat plains of today's 河南省澧县澧阳Li county, Henan Province. This is the earliest culture along the Yangzi River valleys.
–7000 => –5000	裴李岗文化Peiligang Culture	The Peiligang culture flourished on the middle valley of the 黄河Huang He (Yellow River).
–6500 => –5500	后李文化Houli culture
–6200 => –5400	兴隆洼文化Xinlongwa culture
–6000 => –5500	磁山文化Cishan culture
–5500 => –4800	新乐文化Xinle culture
–5400 => –4500	赵宝沟文化Zhaobaogou culture
–5300 => –4100	北辛文化Beixin culture
–5000 => –4500	河姆渡文化Hemudu culture	Although the animal was shaped very abstractly, it is clearly a lively pig. The pig belongs to the Neolithic 河姆渡文化Hemudu culture (about –5000 => –4500). The artifact measures 6.7 cm long, unearthed at Hemudu, Yuyao, Zhejiang Province.
–5000 => –3000	大溪文化Daxi culture
–5000 => –3000	马家浜文化Majiabin culture
–5000 => –3000	仰韶文化Yangshao culture	A flask for holding water, symmetrically balanced and decorated. Neolithic 仰韶文化Yangshao culture, about 6,000 years ago.
–4700 => –2900	红山文化Hongshan culture	A pregnant woman, beautifully and realistically modelled in clay. 红山文化Hongshan culture (about –4700 => –2900). A smiling dragon carved in jade. 红山文化Hongshan culture (about –4700 => –2900).
–4100 => –2600	大汶口文化Dawenkou culture	An elegant clay Gui (jug) for holding water or wine. Neolithic 大汶口文化Dawenkou culture (about –4300 => –2500). This cultured flourished on the 黄河下游Yellow River Lower Valley.
–3400 => –2250	良渚文化Liangzhu culture	A extraordinary small clay 鼎Ding for cooking. The legs appear to be inspired by fish fins. 良渚文化Liangzhu culture (about –3300 => –2200).
–3100 => –2700	马家窑文化Majiayao culture
–3100 => –2700	屈家岭文化Majialing culture
–3000 => –2000	龙山文化Longshan culture
–2800 => –2000	宝墩文化Baodun culture
–2500 => –2000	石家河文化Shijiahe culture
–4000 => –3000	富河文化Fuhe culture
–3300 => –2100	Karuo culture	An early needle made of bone. The eye is clearly defined. Karuo culture (about –3300 => –2100).

西周Western Zhouabout –1100 => –771

时间Time	历史History	文明Civilization
–841 庚申	[1]周共和 元年Zhou Gonghe (Start Year)	Beginning of dated history
–840 辛酉	[1]二年(Second Year) [2]晋厘侯 元年Jinli Lord (Start Year)